John Biddle's Twofold Scripture Catechism (1654)

Part 4 - Chapters 19 to 24


CHAP. XIX
Of Prayer

Qu. Is not Prayer a Christian duty?
A. Pray without ceasing. 1 Thess. 5.17.
And he spake a parable unto them, to this end that men ought always to pray, and not to faint. Luke 18.1.

Qu. How ought men to pray?
A. Lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting. 1 Tim.2,8.

Qu. What if a man doubt or waver as he prayeth?
A. Let not that man think that he shall receive anything of the Lord. Jam.1.7.

Qu. What if we pray in anger, and do not forgive, if we have ought against any?
A. If you do not forgive, neither will your Father which is in heaven forgive your trespasses. Mark 11.26.

Qu. What then is the confidence that we have to God-ward in praying?
A. That if we ask anything according to his will, he heareth us. 1 Joh. 5.14.

Qu. If a man see his brother sin a sin which is not unto death, what is his duty in relation to prayer?
A. He shall ask, and he shall give him life for them that sin not unto death. 1Joh.5.16.

Qu. What if he sin a sin which is unto death?
A. I do not say that he shall pray for it. 1 Joh. 5.16.

Qu. How are the persons that have sinned unpardonably, and so unto death described in the Scripture?
A. He that shall blaspheme against the holy Ghost, hath never forgiveness, but is in danger of eternal damnation.
Because they said, He hath an unclean spirit. Mark3.29,30.
If we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins,
But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation, which shall devour the adversaries. He that despised Moses law died without mercy under two or three witnesses: Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace? Heb.10.26,27,28,29.

Qu. How stands the Lord affected to them that call upon him?
A. The Lord is nigh to all that call upon him. Psalm 145.18.
The same Lord over all, is rich unto all that call upon him. Rom.10.12.

Qu. Is he nigh unto all them that call upon him in whatsoever maner ?
A. To all that call upon him in truth. Psal. 145.18
The Lord is far from the wicked: but he heareth the prayer of the righteous. Prov.15.29.
We know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doth his will him he heareth. John 9.31.

Qu. Did not Christ himself prescribe a form of prayer to his disciples, so that there remaineth no doubt touching the lawfulness of using a form?
A. And it came to pass, that, as he was praying in a certain place, when he ceased, one of his disciples said unto him, Lord, teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples. And he said unto them, when ye pray, say, Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, as in heaven, so in earth. Give us day by day our daily bread. And forgive us our sins; for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil. Luke 11.12,3,4.

Qu. How must we make our addresses to the Father that we may receive whatsoever we pray for. what saith Christ to his disciples?
A Verily, verily I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you. John 16.23.

Qu. Was it the custom, during the time that Christ convirsed on the earth, (much less before he came into the world) to pray unto God in the name of Christ, or through Christ? or did it begin to be used after the resurrection and exaltation of Christ? what saith Christ himself concerning this?
A. Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full. The time cometh when I shall no more speak unto you in parables, but I shall shew you plainly of the Father. At that day ye shall ask in my name. John 16.24,25,26 .

Qu. Have ye any example of praying to God through Christ after his resurrection and exaltation?
A. Now the God of peace that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the everlasting covenant, Make you perfect in every good work to do his will; working in you that which is well-pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ , to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. Heb.13.20,21.
 


 

CHAP. XX
Of the Church

Qu. What is Christ in relation to the Church, and Church in relation to him?
A. He is the head of the body, the Church. Col.1.18.

Qu. How many such bodyes hath Christ?
A. One body. Eph.4.4.

Qu. What kind of head is Christ?
A. From which all the body by joynts and bands having nourishment ministred , and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God. Col.2.19.

Qu. Who are the Church?
A. They that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints. 1 Cor.1.12.

Qu. Upon what foundation is the Church built?
A. Upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner-stone. Eph.2.20.

Qu. What other honourable titles doth the scripture give unto the church, beside the body of Christ?
A. The bride the Lambs wife. Rev.22.17. Rev.19.7,8. Rev. 21.9.
The temple of God. 1 Cor. 3.16.
The house of God, the pillar and ground of the truth. 1Tim.3.15.

Qu. What special promise hath Christ made to the Church?
A. The gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Mat.16.18.

Qu. What doth Christ elsewhere say of himself, that may give assurance to the church that this promise shall be made good?
A. Behold, I live for ever and ever, amen; and have the keys of hell and death. Rev. 1.18.
 


 

CHAP. XXI
Of the Government and Discipline of the Church

Qu. When Christ was ascended up on high after his death and resurrection, and so ceased to be personally present with his Church, whom did he set apart for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of his body?
A. He gave some, Apostles, and some, Prophets; and some, Evangelists: and some Pastors and Teachers; For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ: Till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ. Eph.1.11,12,13.

Qu. What is the advice of the two great Apostles Paul and Peter to the elders and governors of the Church?
A. Take heed unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over which the holy Ghost hath made your overseers, to feed the Church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood. Acts 20.28 .
The elders which are among you I exhort, who am also an elder, and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a partaker of the glory that shall be revealed: Feed the flock of God which is among you, taking the oversight thereof, not by constraint, but willingly; not for filthy lucre, but of a ready mind; Neither as being lords over Gods heritage: but being ensamples to the flock. 1 Pet. 1,2,3.

Qu. What reward doth the Apostle Peter tell them they shall have at the appearance of Christ, if they do as he prescribes?
A. When the chief Shepherd shall appear, ye shall receive a crown of glory that fadeth not away. 1 Pet.5.4.

Qu. What is the duty of the yonger , of private sort, in relation to the elders, or publick officers of the Church?
A. Likewise ye yongers , submit yourselves unto the elders. 1Pet.5.5.
Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit your selves; for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account: that they may do it with joy, and not with grief, for that is unprofitable for you. Heb.13.17.
We beseech you, brethren, to know them which labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you; And to esteem them very highly in love for their works sake. 1 Thess.5.12,13.

Qu. What saith the Scripture concerning the maintenance of them that instruct and oversee the Church?
A. Let him that is taught in the word, communicate unto him that teacheth, in all good things. Be not deceived, God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap. For he that soweth to his flesh, shall of the flesh reap corruption: but he that soweth to the spirit, shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting. Gal.6,7,8
If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things? Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar? Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel. 1Cor.9.11,13,14.
Let the elders that rule well, be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine. For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn; and, The labourer is worthy of his reward. 1 Tim. 5.17,18.

Qu. What saith the apostle Paul to Titus concerning the persons that are to be ordained Elders, Bishops, or Overseers of the Church?
For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every city, as I had appointed thee: If any be blameless, the husband of one wife, having faithful children not accused of riot or unruly. For a bishop must be blameless, as the steward of God; not selfwilled, not soon angry, not given to wine, no striker, not given to filthy lucre; But a lover of hospitality, a lover of good men, sober, just, holy, temperate;
Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers. Tit.1.5,6,7,8,9.

Qu. What saith he to Timothy concerning the same subject?
(For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?) Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil. Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach, and the snare of the devil. 1 Tim.3:1,2,3,4,5,6,7.

A. This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach; Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous; One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity;

Qu. How are those to be qualified that are to be ordained Deacons, for the keeping and distributing the common stook of the Church?
A. Likewise must the deacons be grave, not double-tongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre; Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience. And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless.
Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well. 1 Tim.3.8,9,10,12.

Qu. How ought wives to be qualified?
A. Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things. 1 Tim.3.11.

Qu. What direction doth the Apostle give touching the casting of unworthy members out of the Church?
A. Now we command you brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw your selves from every brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which ye received of us . 2 Thess.3.2.
But now have I written unto you, not to keep company, if any man that is called a brother, be a fornicator or covetous, or an idolater, or a railer, or a drunkard, or an extortioner, with such a one no not to eat.
For what have I to do to judge them also that are without? do not ye judge them that are within? But them that are without, God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person. 1 Cor. 5.11,12,13.
 


 

CHAP. XXII
Of Baptism

Qu. What is the judgement of John the Baptist, of Christ Jesus, and of the Apostle Peter touching the doctrine of Baptisms? How speak they?
A. I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier then I, whose shooes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the holy Ghost, and with fire. Mat.3.11 .
Wait for the promise of the Father, which ye have heard of me. For John verily baptized with water, but ye shall be baptized with the holy Ghost, not many dayes hence. Acts 1.4,5.
As I began to speak, the holy Ghost fell on them, as on us at the beginning. Then remembred I the word of the Lord, how that he said, John indeed baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the holy Ghost. Acts 11.15,16.

Qu. Though the passages which you have alledged plainly intimate that the baptism of the Spirit was the baptism of Christ, as that of water was Johns baptism, yet did not the Apostles of Christ baptize with water? what saith Paul of this also?
A. I baptized the house of Stephanas. 1 Cor.1.16.

Qu. But divers think the Apostles were sent to baptize as well as to preach. What therefore saith the same Apostle concerning this also?
A. Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the Gospel. 1 Cor. 1.17.

Qu. Howbeit when Paul himself, and the believing Romans were baptized, into what doth he say they were baptized, and to what end?
A. So many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized into his death.
Therefore we were buried with him by baptism into death, that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father: so we also should walk in newness of life. Rom. 6,3,4.

Qu. Forasmuch as so great stress is put by some upon water-baptism, what baptism is it, (even in the judgement of the Apostle Peter,) whereby we are saved: the said baptism of water, whereby the filth of the body is washed off: or the baptism of the heart, whereby it is cleansed from an evil conscience?
A. The like figure whereunto, even baptism doth also now save us; not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience towards God. 1 Pet.3.21.
 


 

CHAP. XXIII

Of the Lords Supper

Qu. When was the Lords supper instituted, and to what end?
A. The Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betraid , took bread:
And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me.
After the same maner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye , as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.
For as oft as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye shew forth the Lord's death till he come. 1Cor.11.23,24,25,26.

Qu. What hurt happeneth to him that receiveth the Lords supper unworthily?
A. Whosoever shall eat this bread and drink this cup of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. He that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lords body. 1 Cor.11.27,29.

Qu. How shall a man behave himself, that he may be a worthy communicant at the Lords table?
A. Let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. 1 Cor.11.28.

Qu. What examination is it, on which Christians should put themselves? What saith the same Apostle concerning this point?
A. Examine your selves, whether you be in the faith: prove your own selves. 2Cor.13.5.
 


 

CHAP. XXIV

Of the Resurrection of the Dead; and the last Judgement;
and what shall be the final condition of 
the righteous and wicked thereupon.

Qu. What do you believe concerning the resurrection of the dead?
A. That there shall be a resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust. Acts 24.15.

Qu. By whom shall the dead be raised?
A. By Christ shall all be made alive. 1 Cor.15.22.

Qu. Why are the dead raised by Christ rather then by God himself?
A. Since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. 1 Cor. 15.21.

Qu. How came Christ by this power?
A. As the Father hath life in himself: so hath he given to the son to have life in himself. Joh.5.26.
The last Adam was made a quickning spirit. 1 Cor.15.45.

Qu. By whom shall God judge mankinde ?
A. God shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ. Rom.2.16.
He commanded us to preach unto the people, and to testifie that it is he which was ordained of God to be the judge of quick and dead. Acts 10.42.

Qu. What assurance hath God given that he will judge the world by this man?
A. In that he hath raised him from the dead. Acts 17.31.

Qu. What shall be the different issue of the good from that of the bad at the resurrection?
A. All that are in the graves shall come forth; they that have done good, to the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation. Joh.5.28,29.

Qu. Shall not the wicked and unbelieving live forever, (though in torment) as well as the godly and the faithful? or is eternal life peculiar to the faithful?
A. He that believeth on the son, hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life : but the wrath of God abideth on him. John 3.36.

Qu. Though this passage which you have cited seem clearly to prove that eternal life agreeth unto no other men, but the faithful: yet since the contrary opinion is generally held amongst Christians, I would fain know further of you, whether you have any other places that directly affirm that the wickeddye , and that a second death; are destroyed, and punished with everlasting destruction; are corrupted, burnt-up, devoured, slain, pass away, and perish?
A. the wages of sin is death : but the gift of God is eternal life, Rom.6.23.
If ye ive after the flesh, ye shall dye : but if ye through the Spirit mortifie the deeds of the body, ye shall live. Rom.8.13.
I will give unto him that is athirst, of the fountain of the water of life freely. But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murtherers , and whoremongers, and sorcerers and idolaters, and all lyars , shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second death. Rev.21.6.8.
Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee the crown of life. He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death. Rev. 2.10,11.
When they shall say, Peace and safety; then sudden destruction cometh upon them as travel upon a woman with child; and they shall not escape. 1 Thess.5.3.
The day of judgement, and perdition of ungodly men. 2 Pet.3.7.

The Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels, In flaming fire, taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. Who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power. 2 Thess. 1.7,8,9.
He that soweth to the flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption: but he that soweth to the spirit, shall of the spirit reap life everlasting. Gal.6.8.
These as natural bruit beasts made to be taken and destroyed, speak evil of the things that they understand not, and shall utterly perish in their corruption. 2Pet.2.12.
If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy Gr. corrupt. 1Cor3.17.
We are not of them that draw back to perdition; but of them that believe to the saving of the soul. Heb. 10.39.
Which the unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction. 2 Pet. 3.16.
Whose fan is in his hand,, and he will throughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner: but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire. Mat.3.12.
If we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins, But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation (Gr fervor of fire) which shall devour the adversaries. Heb. 10.26,27.
But those mine enemies, which would not that I should raign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me. Luke 19.27

The world passeth away , and the lust thereof: but he that doth the will of God abideth for ever . 1 John 2.17.

We are unto God a sweet savor of Christ, in them that are saved, and in them that perish : To the one we are the savor of death unto death; and to the other the savor of life unto life. 2 Cor 2.15,16.

Qu. What is the use that our Saviour himself would have us make of this doctrine touching the destruction of men in hell-fire?
A. Fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. Mat. 10.28.

Qu. In what maner shall Christ come and administer judgement at the last day?
A. When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: And before him shall be gathered all Nations, and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats: And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left.
Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:
For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in:
Naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me.
Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink? When saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee? Or when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came unto thee?
And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me.
Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the divel and his angels: For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me not in: naked, and ye clothed me not: sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not.
Then shall they also answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee? Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least of these, ye did it not to me.
And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. Mat. 25.31,32 & c.

Qu. Is there not another resurrection and judgement that shall precede this last and general one, and peculiarly belongeth unto the saints that have been slain for the testimony of Jesus, and for the word of God? what saith John the Divine concerning this matter?
A. I saw thrones, and they sate upon them, and judgement was given to them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the Beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or on their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.
But the rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection. Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years. Rev. 20.4,5,6.
 


FINIS


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